Ching-Lun (Al) Liu Abstract Coined by Karl Löwenstein, militant democracy refers to the notion of a democracy being authorised to pre-emptively restrict the exercise of certain civil liberties in order to protect the ‘free and liberal democratic order’. Often taken in forms of party proscription and restraints on freedom of speech, the concept was first… More Militant Democracy vis-à-vis external threat: a case study of Taiwan (Article I)