{"id":832,"date":"2017-05-15T14:55:07","date_gmt":"2017-05-15T14:55:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.kcl.ac.uk\/kingscollections\/?p=832"},"modified":"2017-05-16T11:14:39","modified_gmt":"2017-05-16T11:14:39","slug":"all-in-the-end-is-harvest-a-researchers-encounter-with-the-dame-cicely-saunders-collection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.kcl.ac.uk\/kingscollections\/2017\/05\/15\/all-in-the-end-is-harvest-a-researchers-encounter-with-the-dame-cicely-saunders-collection\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cAll in the End is Harvest.\u201d A Researcher\u2019s Encounter with the Dame Cicely Saunders Collection"},"content":{"rendered":"

Joyce-Elena N\u00ed Ghiob\u00fain graduated from Trinity College, University of Dublin, with an MPhil in Reconciliation Studies in 2012. Since then\u00a0she has been researching\u00a0denominational aspects of British-Irish nursing history in the late 19th and 20th centuries and may be contacted at nighiobj@tcd.ie<\/a>.
\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Writing to a friend in 1960, Dr Cicely Saunders commented on the increased crisscross of letters, “We\u2019re going to need an archivist someday to make sense of this!” [1]<\/a><\/p>\n

That anticipation crossed my mind when first confronted with a selection of files at the King\u2019s College London Archives. I was amazed by Dr Saunders\u2019 eye for detail and her foresight in creating records of so many encounters \u2013 she must have had future generations in mind!<\/p>\n

The documents I consulted were filed thematically, thereby often dating back to a specific period in her life. Yet two core interests spanned the years from her first involvement in hospice care in the late 1940s up until her death in 2005: her restless initiative in expanding her own medical awareness, and a preoccupation with the spiritual aspect in care provision.<\/p>\n

These are encapsulated in the words of a patient who served as the founding narrative of the hospice: \u201cI only want what is in your mind and in your heart\u201d. [2]<\/a> Saunders invested herself in caring for patients in the 1940s, saying \u201cwe had so often nothing to offer but ourselves\u201d. [3]<\/a> Because of this, her mentor Dr Barrett urged her to read medicine if she wanted to change end-of-life care because, in his words, \u201cIt\u2019s the doctors who desert the dying\u201d. [4]<\/a><\/p>\n

\"p<\/a>
Figure 1. Cartoon, St Thomas’s Gazette, vol. 72 no.4 (1974), 14.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The material at King\u2019s College London Archives provides a trail of primary documents beginning from the point at which Cicely Saunders decided to follow that advice. Among the papers placed in my hands as a researcher were the drafts of her M.D. thesis examining pain control among terminal cancer patients, which was a novel direction for research in the mid-1950\u2019s as most doctors focused on curative care problems. The material includes her handwritten calculations and brainstorming exercises, interspersed with letters from her supervisor on how she might rearrange her thesis chapters to best effect. Two of Saunders\u2019 letters are addressed to a professor of veterinary science who had developed tranquilizers for rhinoceros in Uganda using a mixture of morphine derivatives: she wrote to him in 1964 for further insight into analgesics and their tested effects. Still more files contain cuttings from medical journals on the most up-to-date pain control debates [Fig. 1]. Such early investigative thrusts \u2013 St Christopher\u2019s would not open until 1967 \u2013 attest to Saunders’ resolve to base future hospice work on the best medical and ethical practice. She later affirmed that St Christopher\u2019s was neither the first nor “the model” hospice, but an example of how up-to-date research might be conducted alongside intuitive patient attention in the same care-giving space.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Figure 2. Sketched on reverse of “St. Christopher’s Hospice: First Newsletter” (June 1964), draft. Saunders collected and encouraged the use of poetry for articulating the complex experience of giving and recieving palliative care. In this sketch, the handwritten text reads, “Sudden and Sweet\/ Come the expected feel\/ All life is new and new all art\/ And He too Whom we love by heart” [K\/PP149\/2\/3]<\/figcaption><\/figure>The collection also offers a chance to read through the layers of her accumulative insight into “total pain”, as she had called it by 1964, an understanding gained through hours of listening closely to hundreds of patients she interviewed while working at St Joseph\u2019s Hospice. Through them she came to comprehend fully the patient\u2019s place in a larger community and the need for a social and emotional aspect of care, such as in extending bereavement support to patients\u2019 families. This not only symbolically tied the mind with the heart, but drew further on her available knowledge of “creative sensitivity” to the needs of everyone in the hospice community. Among Saunders\u2019 papers are her collected poems, quotations and articles which substantiate this intuitive, artistic direction [Fig. 2, above]. They include lines written by patients in Britain and the U.S., some quotations translated \u201cfrom the Chinese\u201d and a few English poems from the 8th<\/sup> century A.D., including one dated c 780 called No Man is in the Fields.<\/em> This latter poem found its way into her 1983 anthology for the bereaved and suffering, Beyond all Pain<\/em>.<\/a><\/p>\n
\"Beyond<\/a>
Figure 3. Saunders\u2019 own copy of “Beyond All Pain” is held as part of the library of Dame Cicely Saunders, King\u2019s College London Archives<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

What is especially interesting in Saunders\u2019 1960s poetry collections is her preference for Christian poetry \u2013 including, for example, an amusing song from 5-year-old \u201cLucy\u201d beginning with the line, \u201cWhen the Baby was borned, Joseph said to Mary \u2026\u201d Her 1983 publication replaces most of these poems with choices that are more wide-ranging both denominationally and geographically, in itself reflective of Saunders\u2019 personal journey in later years to reach beyond her \u201chome\u201d in the Anglican Evangelical tradition. Nevertheless, the thematic framework of Beyond all Pain<\/em>\u2019<\/em>s<\/em> chapters (e.g. \u2018Suffering\u2019, \u2018Dying\u2019 and lastly \u2018Resurrection\u2019) preserves a Judeo-Christian framework of meaning. For Saunders, \u201cspirituality\u201d was \u201cmuch wider than religious practice. It is the search for meaning, the look at one\u2019s own most important values, the feeling of looking beyond yourself and of somehow belonging to something more than you are\u201d. [5]<\/a> All researchers looking back on Saunders\u2019 collections, regardless of their individual evaluation of the importance of the spiritual, face the fact that nearly a third of her publications, if not more, were concerned with the dynamics of \u201cspirituality\u201d in end-of-life care.<\/p>\n

\"Bookcase<\/a>
Figure 4. The library of Dame Cicely Saunders, King’s Building. Access is available upon request through King’s College London Archives.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

2017 marks the fiftieth anniversary of the establishment of St Christopher\u2019s Hospice. This commemorative year, together with the research it promotes, is itself a season of transition, appreciation and learning, like that of Saunders\u2019 in the years leading up to the establishment of St Christopher\u2019s in 1967. As she herself remarked on Desert Island Discs<\/em> in 1994, the modern hospice is not about \u201cbricks and mortar\u201d but rather about the attitudes, skills and ideas that are \u201cspreading widely\u201d because of St Christopher\u2019s Hospice, enabling many patients to count their last days as their fullest. Her dedication in promoting pain control and personal concern helped to forge a comprehensive approach to medical care, a lifetime\u2019s actualisation that is thankfully well-documented and well-looked-after. For the researcher of Hospice History as much as for the patient in its care, it might well be said, to quote a favourite anthology of Saunders\u2019, \u201cAll in the end is harvest\u201d.[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

References:<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> David Clark, “Making Sense of Cicely Saunders”. International Symposium on Cicely Saunders, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Pamplona, October 17th<\/sup> 2015.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> David Tasma, quoted in Shirley du Boulay, Cicely Saunders: The Founder of the Modern Hospice Movement <\/em>(London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1987), 56.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Saunders, Watch with Me <\/em>(Sheffield: Mortal Press, 2003), 41.<\/p>\n

[4] <\/a>Norman Barrett, quoted in du Boulay, Cicely Saunders, <\/em>63.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> Saunders in conversation. “Elements and Models of Palliative Care: A Conversation with Dr Cicely Saunders<\/a>\u2019\u2019, Youtube. [Accessed 15 May 2017].<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> This line is from Edith Sitwell\u2019s poem Eurydice<\/em> and was adopted as the title of an anthology by the same name edited by Agnes Whitaker. All in the End is Harvest: An Anthology for those who Grieve <\/em>(London<\/span>: <\/span>Darton, Longman & Todd, <\/span>1984) was a valued volume in Dr Saunders\u2019 personal collection.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Joyce-Elena N\u00ed Ghiob\u00fain graduated from Trinity College, University of Dublin, with an MPhil in Reconciliation Studies in 2012. Since then\u00a0she has been researching\u00a0denominational aspects of British-Irish nursing history in the late 19th and 20th centuries and may be contacted at nighiobj@tcd.ie. Writing to a friend in 1960, Dr Cicely Saunders commented on the increased crisscross … <\/p>\n

Continue reading “\u201cAll in the End is Harvest.\u201d A Researcher\u2019s Encounter with the Dame Cicely Saunders Collection”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":808,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[238,246],"tags":[7,215,241,285,284,282,213,283,286],"class_list":["post-832","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kclca","category-historyofmedicinehealth","tag-archives","tag-cicely-saunders","tag-historyofmedicine","tag-hospice","tag-medicine","tag-pain","tag-palliative-care","tag-research","tag-st-christophers-hospice","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kcl.ac.uk\/kingscollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/832","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kcl.ac.uk\/kingscollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kcl.ac.uk\/kingscollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kcl.ac.uk\/kingscollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/808"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kcl.ac.uk\/kingscollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=832"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kcl.ac.uk\/kingscollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/832\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":853,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kcl.ac.uk\/kingscollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/832\/revisions\/853"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kcl.ac.uk\/kingscollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=832"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kcl.ac.uk\/kingscollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=832"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kcl.ac.uk\/kingscollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=832"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}